Translation Tuesday: Chrysostom Week 13

Remember, although I attempted to provide a footnote for all words used 20x or less in the New Testament with a gloss, I may have missed some. Also, you may not know all words used more than 20x in the New Testament. Don’t let that stop you from participating. Just visit Perseus’ word study tool here, copy and paste the word you don’t know, and get morphological information and definitions for that word.

Vocabulary

Week 13: Homily 3, Section 5

            ε´.    Ἀκουέτωσαν ταῦτα οἱ πλούσιοι· μᾶλλον δὲ οὐχ οἱ πλούσιοι, ἀλλ᾽ οἱ ἀνελεήμονες·[1] οὐ γὰρ, ἐπειδὴ[2] πλούσιος ἦν, ἐκολάζετο,[3] ἀλλ᾽ ἐπειδὴ οὐκ ἠλέησεν. Ἔνεστι γὰρ πλουτοῦντα καὶ ἐλεοῦντα τυχεῖν[4] παντὸς ἀγαθοῦ. Καὶ διὰ τοῦτο οὐδένα ἄλλον ὁρᾷ, ἀλλ᾽ ἢ ἐκεῖνον τὸν δεόμενον[5] αὐτοῦ, ἵνα μάθῃ, ὅτι δικαίως ταῦτα ἔπασχεν, εἰς ὑπόμνησιν[6] ἐλθὼν ὦν ἔπραττε. Μὴ γὰρ οὐκ ἦσαν μυρίοι πένητες[7] δίκαιοι; Ἀλλ᾽ ὁ πρὸς τῷ πυλῶνι[8] αὐτοῦ κείμενος, οὖτος αὐτῷ φαίνεται, παιδεύων[9] αὐτὸν καὶ ἡμᾶς, ὅσον ἐστὶν ἀγαθὸν μὴ ἐπὶ χρήμασιν.[10] Οὐδὲν ἐκεῖνον ἔβλαψεν[11] ἡ πενία πρὸς τὸ βασιλείας τυχεῖν· οὐδὲν τοῦτον ὠφέλησεν[12] ὁ πλοῦτος πρὸς τὸ γέενναν ἐκφυγεῖν.[13] Μέχρι[14] πότε πένητες; μέχρι πότε πτωχοί; Οὐκ ἔστιν, οὐκ ἔστι πένης ὁ μηδὲν ἔχων, ἀλλ᾽ ὁ πολλῶν ἐπιθυμῶν· οὐκ ἔστι πλούσιος ὁ πολλὰ κεκτημένος,[15] ἀλλ᾽ ὁ μηδενὸς δεόμενος. Τί γὰρ ὄφελος[16] πᾶσαν μὲν κεκτῆσθαι τὴν οἰκουμένην,[17] τοῦ δὲ μηδὲν ἔχοντος μᾶλλος ἐν ἀθυμίᾳ[18] διάγειν;[19] Αἱ προαιρέσεις[20] καὶ τοὺς πλουτοῦντας καὶ τοὺς πενομένους[21] ἐργάζονται, οὐχ ἡ τῶν χρημάτων περιουσία[22] οὐδὲ ἡ ἕνδεια.[23] Βούλει γενέσθαι πλούσιος σὺ ὁ πένης; Ἔξεστί σοι βουλομένῳ, καὶ ὁ κωλύων οὐδείς· καταφρόνησον[24] τῶν τοῦ κόσμου χρημάτων· νόμισον[25] εἶναι μηδὲν, ὥσπερ οὖν οὐδὲ ἐστιν; ἔβαλε τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν τοῦ πλούτου, καὶ ἐπλούτησας. Οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ πλουτῶν, ὁ μὴ θέλων πλουτεῖν· ὁ μὴ θέλων πένεσθαι, οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ πενόμενος. Καθάπερ ἐκεῖνος νοσῶν[26] ὁ καὶ ἐν ὑγείᾳ[27] ἀλύων,[28] οὐκ ἐκεῖνος ὁ πάσης ὑγείας εὐκολώτερον[29] τὴν νόσον φέρων, οὕτω καὶ ἐνταῦθα[30] πένης ἐστὶν ὁ μὴ δυνάμενος πενίαν ἐνεγκεῖν, ἀλλ᾽ ἐν πλούτῳ τῶν πενομένων μᾶλλον ἠγούμενος εἶναι πένης, οὐκ ἐκεῖνος ὁ τῶν πλουτούντων μᾶλλον τὴν πενίαν εὐκολώτερον φέρων· οὗτος γὰρ ἐστι μᾶλλον ὁ πλουσιώτερος. Εἰπὲ γάρ μοι, τὴν πενίαν διὰ τί δέδοικας;[31] διὰ τί τρέμεις;[32] οὐχὶ διὰ λιμόν;[33] οὐχὶ διὰ δίψος;[34] οὐχὶ διὰ ψῦχος;[35] ἢ οὐ διὰ ταῦτα; Ἀλλ᾽ οὐκ ἔστιν, οὐκ ἔστιν οὐδεὶς ὁ τούτων ἀπορήσας[36] ποτέ. Ἐμβλέψατε[37] γὰρ εἰς ἀρχαίας[38] γενεὰς, καὶ ἴδετε· τίς ἐπίστευσε τῷ Κυρίῳ, καὶ ἐγκατελείφθη;[39] ἢ τίς ἤλπισεν ἐπ᾽ αὐτὸν, καὶ κατῃσχύνθη;[40] καὶ πάλιν, Ἐμβλέψατε εἰς τὰ πετεινὰ[41] τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, ὅτι οὐ σπείρουσιν οὐδὲ θερίζουσιν οὐδὲ συνάγουσιν εἰς ἀποθήκας,[42] καὶ ὁ Πατὴρ ὑμῶν ὁ οὐράνιος τρέφει[43] αὐτά. Οὐδένα ἂν ἔχοι τις ἡμῖν δεῖξαί τινα ταχέως διὰ λιμὸν καὶ ψῦχος ἀπολωλότα. Τίνος οὖν ἔνεκεν τρέμεις τὴν πενίαν; Οὐκ ἔχεις· εἰπεῖν. Εἰ γὰρ εὐπορεῖς[44] τῶν ἀναγκαίων,[45] τί δήποτε[46] τρέμεις αὐτήν; ὅτι πλῆθος οὐκ ἔστι σοι οἰκετῶν;[47] Τοῦτο δεσποτῶν[48] ἐστιν ἀπαλλαγῆναι,[49] τοῦτο μακαριότης[50] διηνεκὴς,[51] τοῦτο φροντίδος[52] ἐλευθερία.[53] Ἀλλ᾽ ὅτι καὶ σκεύη,[54] καὶ κλῖναι,[55] καὶ ἔπιπλα[56] οὐκ ἔστιν ἐξ ἀργυρίου[57] κατεσκευασμένα[58] σοι; Τί γάρ σου πλέον ἔχει κατὰ τὴν ἀπόλαυσιν[59] ὁ ταῦτα κεκτημένος; Οὐδέν· τὰ γὰρ τῆς χρήσεως[60] ἴσα,[61] ἂν τε ἀπὸ ταυτης, ἂν τε ἀπ᾽ ἐκείνης τῆς ὕλης ᾖ. Ἀλλ᾽ ὅτι φοβερὸς[62] οὐκ εἶ τοῖς πολλοῖς; Μηδὲ γένοιό ποτε· ποία γὰρ ἡδονὴ[63] τρέμειν καὶ δεδοικέναι σέ τινας; ἀλλ᾽ ὅτι ἑτέρους φοβῇ; ἀλλ᾽οὐκ ἔστι φοβηθῆναι. Θέλεις γὰρ μὴ φοβεῖσθαι τὴν ἐξουσίαν; τὸ ἀγαθὸν ποίει, καὶ ἔξεις ἔπαινον[64] ἐξ αὐτῆς. Ἀλλ᾽ ὅτι εὐκαταφρόνητοί[65] ἐσμεν, φησὶ, καὶ πρὸς τὸ παθεῖν ἕτοιμοι κακῶς; Μάλιστα[66] μὲν οὐχ ἡ πενία τοῦτο ποιεῖ, ἀλλ᾽ ἡ κακία. Ἐπεὶ πολλῶν πενήτων ἀπραγμόνως[67] τὸν πάντα βίον[68] διαγόντων,[69] ἄρχοντες, πλουτοῦντες καὶ δυνάσται πάντων κακούργων[70] καὶ λῃστῶν[71] καὶ τυμβωρύχων[72] ἀθλιώτερον[73] ἀπήλλαξαν.[74] Ὅπερ γὰρ ἐπὶ σοῦ ἡ πενία, τοῦτο ἐπ᾽ ἐκείνου ὁ πλοῦτος ἔχει. Ὥσπερ γάρ σε διὰ τὸ καταφρονεῖσθαι ἐνταῦθα ποιοῦσι κακῶς οἱ κακοῦν βουλόμενοι· οὕτως ἐκεῖνον διὰ τὸ φθονεῖν[75] καὶ βασκαίνειν·[76] καὶ μᾶλλον οὗτοι, ἢ ἐκείνοι· μᾶλλον αὕτη ἡ ἀνάγκη ἰσχυροτέρα τοῦ κακῶς ποιεῖν. Ὁ μὲν γὰρ φθονῶν, ἰσχύϊ πάσῃ καὶ δυνάμει πάντα πράττει, ὁ δὲ καταφρονῶν παλλάκις καὶ ἠλέησε τὸν καταφρονούμενον· καὶ τοῦτο αὐτὸ γέγονεν αὐτῷ αἴτιον ἀπαλλαγῆς,[77] τὸ πέντα εἶναι, τὸ μὴ δύνασθαι ἔχειν ἰσχύν· Μεγάλα τε κατορθώσεις,[78] λέγοντες πρὸς αὐτὸν, ἐὰν τὸν δεῖνα[79] ἀνέλῃς ἐὰν ἀποκτείνῃς, ἕνα πένητα· πόσων οὐκ ἀπολαύσῃ[80] μισθῶν; καὶ οὕτως αὐτῶν τὸν θυμὸν[81] χαλῶμεν.[82] Ἐπὶ δὲ τῶν πλουτούντων ὁ φθόνος ἐφέστηκεν, οὐ πρότερον[83] λήγων,[84] ἕως ἂν ὅπερ βούλεται ἐργάσηται, καὶ τὸν ἰὸν[85] ἐκχέῃ[86] τὸν αὐτοῦ. Ὁρᾷ ὅτι ἡ πενία, οὐδὲ ὁ πλοῦτος ἀγαθὸν, ἀλλ᾽ ἡ ἡμετέρα προαίρεσις; Οὐκ οῦν ταύτην ῥυθμίζωμεν,[87] ταύτην παιδεύωμεν φιλοσοφεῖν.[88] Ἂν αὕτῃ καλῶς ᾖ διακειμένη,[89] οὔτε πλοῦτος ἡμᾶς ἐκβαλεῖν τῆς βασιλείας δυνήσεται, οὔτε πενία ποιήσει ἔλαττον ἔχειν· ἀλλὰ πράως[90] τὴν πενίαν οἴσομεν,[91] οὐδὲ εἰς τὴν τῶν μελλόντων ἀγαθῶν ἀπόλαυσιν παραβλαπτόμενοι,[92] οὐδὲ ἐνταῦθα· ἀλλὰ καὶ τούτων ἀπολαύσομεν, καὶ τῶν ἐν οὐρανοῖς ἐπιτευξόμεθα ἀγαθῶν· ὦν γένοιτο πάντας ἡμᾶς ἐπιτυχεῖν, καὶ τὰ ἐξῆς.


[1] ἀνελεήμονες from ἀνέλεήμων “merciless, without mercy”

[2] ἐπειδὴ from ἐπειδή “since, because, for”

[3] ἐκολάζετο from κολάζω “to punish”

[4] τυχεῖν from τυγχάνω “to obtain, happen, hit upon”

[5] δεόμενον from δέω Though this word has been used to mean “to bind” here it is used as “to beg.”

[6] ὑπόμνησιν from ὑπόμνησις “remembrance, reminder”

[7] πένητες from πένης “day-laborer, poor person”

[8] πυλῶνι from πυλών “gateway”

[9] παιδεύων from παιδεύω “to instruct, discipline”

[10] χρήμασιν from χρῆμα “money, possessions, wealth”

[11] ἔβλαψεν from βλάπτω “to hinder, harm”

[12] ὠφέλησεν from ὠφελέω “to gain, benefit”

[13] ἐκφυγεῖν from ἐκφεύγω “to escape”

[14] Μέχρι from μέχρι “up to, until”

[15] κεκτημένος from κτάομαι “to obtain, acquire”

[16] ὄφελος from ὄφελος “gain, benefit”

[17] οἰκουμένην from οἰκουμένη “world”

[18] ἀθυμίᾳ from ἀθυμία “lack of spirit”

[19] διάγειν from διάγω “to pass through, lead, spend one’s life”

[20] προαιρέσεις from προαιρέω “to take out, choose, prefer, decide”

[21] πενομένους from πένομαι “to toil, work”

[22] περιουσία from περιούσιος “possession”

[23] ἕνδεια from ἕνδεια “lack, want”

[24] καταφρόνησον from καταφρονέω “to despise”

[25] νόμισον from νομίζω “to consider, think, suppose”

[26] νοσῶν from νόσος “disease”

[27] ὑγείᾳ from ὑγείος “sound, unbroken”

[28] ἀλύων from ἀλύω “to be deeply stirred, excited”

[29] εὐκολώτερον from εὔκολος “easily satisfied, contented with one’s food”

[30] ἐνταῦθα from ἐνταῦθα “here, in this place”

[31] δέδοικας from δείδω “to fear”

[32] τρέμεις from τρέμω “to tremble”

[33] λιμόν from λιμός “famine”

[34] δίψος from δίψος “thirst”

[35] ψῦχος from ψῦχος “cold, coldness”

[36] ἀπορήσας from ἀπορέω “to be at a loss”

[37] Ἐμβλέψατε from ἐμβλέπω “to gaze at the face, to consider”

[38] ἀρχαίας from ἀρχαῖος “old, ancient”

[39] ἐγκατελείφθη from ἐγκαταλείπω “to leave behind, desert, forsake”

[40] κατῃσχύνθη from καταισχύνω “to shame, dishonor, be ashamed”

[41] πετεινὰ from πετεινόν “bird”

[42] ἀποθήκας from ἀποθήκη “barn, storehouse”

[43] τρέφει from τρέφω “to feed”

[44] εὐπορεῖς from εὐπορέω “to prosper, have financial ability”

[45] ἀναγκαίων from ἀναγκαῖος “necessary, necessity”

[46] δήποτε from δήποτε “at some time, once upon a time”

[47] οἰκετῶν from οἰκέτης “household servant”

[48] δεσποτῶν from δεσπότης “master, lord, slaveowner”

[49] ἀπαλλαγῆναι from ἀπαλλάσσω “set free, deliver from”

[50] μακαριότης from μακαριότης “happiness, bliss”

[51] διηνεκὴς from διηνεκής “continually”

[52] φροντίδος from φρόντις “thought, care, attention”

[53] ἐλευθερία from ἐλευθερία “freedom, liberty”

[54] σκεύη from σκευή “tackle, rigging”

[55] κλῖναι from κλίνη “bed, cot, couch”

[56] ἔπιπλα from ἔπιπλα “implements, utensils, furniture, movable property”

[57] ἀργυρίου from ἀργύριον “small coin, piece of money”

[58] κατεσκευασμένα from κατασκευάζω “to prepare, construct, build, create”

[59] ἀπόλαυσιν from ἀπόλαυσις “enjoyment”

[60] χρήσεως from χρῆσις “use, profit”

[61] ἴσα from ἴσος “equal”

[62] φοβερὸς from φοβερός “terrible, fearul, horrifying”

[63] ἡδονὴ from ἡδονή “pleasure”

[64] ἔπαινον from ἔπαινος “praise”

[65] εὐκαταφρόνητοί from εὐκαταφρόνητος “easy to be despised, contemptible”

[66] Μάλιστα from μάλιστα “especially, exceedingly”

[67] ἀπραγμόνως from ἀπράγμων “free from business”

[68] βίον from βίος “life”

[69] διαγόντων from διάγω “to live, lead, spend one’s life”

[70] κακούργων from κακοῦργος “evil, evil-doer, criminal”

[71] λῃστῶν from λῃστής “robber, bandit, insurrectionist”

[72] τυμβωρύχων from τυμβώρυχος “grave-robber”

[73] ἀθλιώτερον from ἄθλιος “pitiful, miserable, wretched”

[74] ἀπήλλαξαν from ἀπαλλαξείω “to die, be delivered from”

[75] φθονεῖν from φθονέω “to envy”

[76] βασκαίνειν from βασκαίνω “to bewitch, begrudge, deceive”

[77] ἀπαλλαγῆς from ἀπαλλαγή “deliverance, release, relief from”

[78] κατορθώσεις from κατορθόω “to set upright, erect”

[79] δεῖνα from δεῖνα “such a person, a certain person”

[80] ἀπολαύσῃ from ἀπολαύω “to have enjoyment of”

[81] θυμὸν from θυμός “fury, anger, soul, spirit, sorrow mind”

[82] χαλῶμεν from χαλάω “to let down, loosen”

[83] πρότερον from πρότερος “former, formerly”

[84] λήγων from λήγω “to stay, abate”

[85] ἰὸν from ἰός “poison”

[86] ἐκχέῃ from ἐκχέω “to pour out, forth, come forth”

[87] ῥυθμίζωμεν from ῥυθμίζω “to bring into a measure of time”

[88] φιλοσοφεῖν from φιλοσοφέω “to love knowledge, pursue it”

[89] διακειμένη from διάκειμαι “to be disposed”

[90] πράως from πρᾶος “gently”

[91] From φέρω

[92] παραβλαπτόμενοι from παραβλάπτω “to disable, hinder”

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